Negotiation is an art -Laxmi’s snippets of wisdom

This is a guest post from Hariharan Laxminarayan

Negotiation is an art, not a science. An art because it involves human beings! With their many complex thoughts, emotions and attitudes. All of which can and do affect the final outcome. When negotiating via the written word, or by phone, we lose a lot of behavioural feedback.

With the environment not so lucid and all vendors also in a very inconsistent phase, how do you handle the negotiations with vendors? In phone or face to face and kill the deal, either way. Or use the tactical way of writing to them and waiting for a reply.

Frankly, the channel through which the negotiation is conducted will affect largely the dynamics of such interaction, will depend on the quality of communication, your degree of trust developed, quality and amount of information to be shared, clarity of your own position, the environment of negotiation, is it beginning or the finishing up, your own motivation and the outcomes.

Face to face or telephone is easier and far better if you have all information, the balance of power to the negotiation itself, you have power to healthy and aggressive body language with the flexibility to use positions as gestures, posture, facial expressions and a changing tone of voice to be precise and to be loud, bold enough.

But then, don't use the phone unless it's just a small polishing term you want to check or you are closing out. And if PO and value are critical, the vendor is known, for sure, use writing as first preference. You lose the skill to win on vendor points on the phone. Especially these days.

Ensure you reflect a positive, polite & professional tone throughout the letter. Even if you are upset - let that come politely in the middle. If you feel the supplier cannot accommodate your discount, then you better be diplomatic but firm and polished outline the possible course of alternative you will take. And if you know the technical proposal is going to come soon, and, you want to win a negotiation, better keep time factor and write in parallel, so if the answer is negative, you can keep the suspense of not giving any PO for few days. Silence and not responding to email are so annoying but is also a powerful tactic if done by conscience and deliberately to break the deadlock and force the others to move position. And ensure you know the culture of vendors getting into organizations through back channels, then use the police card to not let the supplier get in touch with the technical team.

The first couple of lines start with greeting and the first couple of lines or a paragraph of letter must praise the vendor where required for a summary of the comprehensive proposal and the salient features you feel to appreciate. But then going further….......

Complete your rest of paragraph. And it’s also prudent to touch upon the past business volume and expected business volumes if not in rest of 2020 but in 2021

Depending upon the volume, contract period and scales, you could mention the business split possibility % based on this letter among three suppliers (or more) which helps build a parameter of certain share initially for the vendor – and it’s up to you on how to scale it up. 

Further, do specific share your concern, your position and more so the budget cap or added value features (in commercial terms like incoterms, guarantees, services and life cycles, payment, shelf spaces, brand building, indemnities, etc, etc) and reflect how eagerly you would be to push their case for preference on approval. A bit of hype and a bit of reality both make sense depending on the phase, degree and environment of negotiation.

If it is a specific negotiation for further improvement, then rest assured a figure of 10 or 15 or 20 will not be any effective. But yes, if you are able to create the dramatics to leave the gap including premium with an odd number such as 4 or 7 or like 13 of 16.5 and so on. Never ask for 5/10/15 % and so on. When you ask for an odd number it shows that you have carefully evaluated the proposal vis-à-vis the others and your own should cost in depth. If the materials or services you are negotiating are on a low margin basis, even 1.35 or 2.65 or 3.20% is also okay.

When you do get responses, watch for the soft action words. It’s all about the science of psychology.

Some soft words in emails that need to get the grab are such “Our opening feedback which means that there can be more they could adjust or make other roadways. ‘Around’ is a good word to catch attention because it means that there is more to have.

"We could possibly consider’ meaning they are likely to move to a better revision. The same way “its difficult” can be pushed because it means remotely possible for making something work.  and so on. 

Let the vendor do know what would happen if he will not negotiate on price – both immediate and the long term. Perhaps you lose the current deal to let vendor win but they lose on the long term. It's all about the touch class of your words in the communications. 

 Never make a mistake of closing discussions negatively (like if you don’t agree, we just move on to others, OR we decided to discuss no more and we have rejected and disqualified your bid etc ) - You never know when the scales reverse because our end users could be as volatile and irrational as ourselves are – does not matter you agree or not, that’s not the point. The prospect of no business in future or the potentials of large future business – both ends need to be non-committal unless it’s a very specific phase and you are on that stage to give away a few sliders.

 Use your intelligence when not to mark any cc. Often it is presumed that CC is for ensuring you have written and attempted negotiation well but often bosses. And without any cc, your degree of drama and your request for your own survival kit may be much bigger.

Last but not least as add on to this, use your common sense also very well to adjust and refine. Because you know what's best. Don’t just reply, don’t just forward, mind your mindset and logic, mind your English and the structure of it. Case by case

Hariharan Laxminarayan is a procurement professional with 25 years’ experience. He is an active member of the Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply (CIPS), being a Chartered FCIPS, CIPS Global Congress Member and Chair at CIPS UAE - Northern Emirates. And a person I am happy to have as a friend and mentor for the past several years.  

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